Efetividade dos solventes endodônticos: uma revisão de literatura

Abstract

Endodontic retreatment requires removal of the filling material to ensure root canal cleanliness, allowing the recovery of periapical health. Endodontic solvents are commonly used for this purpose. Faced with the diversity of solvents available on the market with different properties and forms of use, this study sought to compare, according to their effectiveness, some of the most used endodontic solvents: chloroform, halothane, rectified turpentine, orange oil, eucalyptol, d-limonene, xylol and tetrachlorethylene. A search was performed in the PubMED/Medline, SciELO, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar databases using the terms “endodontic solvents” and “efficacy”. The studies were selected by title and abstract, without a language filter delimitation and/or publication date. Results regarding the effectiveness of solvents vary greatly in the literature, as studies are subject to different methods and ways of evaluating the performance of different compounds, such as room and compound temperature, form of application, time of action, storage time of the specimens, among others. The use of essential oils such as eucalyptol and orange oil has grown, as these solvents are effective and are mentioned in the literature as safer alternatives to more toxic solvents, such as chloroform and xylol. There are several types of solvents, and choosing the best one depends on the case to be treated, considering the harmony that must exist between the dissolving capacity of the solvent and the safety the solvent ensures for the tissues, the patient and the operator during its use.