Avaliação do medo da Covid-19, ansiedade e qualidade de vida na doença renal crônica em tratamento conservador

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: COVID-19 or new Coronavirus, since its appearance in Wuhan (China), has aroused fear and apprehension on a global scale due to its rapid spread. The consequences caused by the new coronavirus were mainly health and psychological, with a cluster of cases of depression, anxiety and domestic violence. Studies carried out in China, early in the pandemic, identified chronic kidney disease as a risk factor for the worsening of the disease and mortality in those infected by COVID-19. OBJECTIVE: To assess the fear of COVID-19, quality of life and anxiety in chronic kidney disease patients (CKD. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study, with participants with chronic kidney disease who are not on dialysis, through the application of questionnaires such as the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), the quality of life scale with the SF-36 instrument and the COVID-19 fear scale (FCV-19S). The study was carried out with 108 participants with chronic renal failure treated at a nephrology outpatient clinic, undergoing conservative treatment at the University Hospital in the city of Maceió. RESULTS: The age of the participants ranged between 18 and 97 years old, with a mean age of 60.9 years old. The sample is mostly composed of participants with KDC grade 3 and 4, being 44.4% and 22.2%, respectively. Through the structured application of the quality of life scale, FCV-19S and STAI collection instruments, the collected data were statistically analyzed, with a significance level of 5%. In the present study, just over half of the individuals are female, representing 54.6% of the sample. Most of the sample lives in the capital, Maceió, representing 59.3% of the sample. Adult participants, as a whole, have fewer anxious symptoms than elderly participants. More than half of the sample have little fear of COVID-19 (63%), while 25% are moderately afraid and 12% are very afraid. With regard to STAI-T, 86.1% of the sample had clinical symptoms of anxiety. CONCLUSIONS: According to the processing and analysis of the data obtained, it was noticed that there were positive results regarding the fear of COVID19 and the quality of life, it is noted that the greater the fear, the lower the quality of life. In the correlation between the fear of COVID-19, the anxious state and mental health, positive results were also found. It was observed that the greater the fear of COVID-19, the greater the anxiety state and the lower the mental health.