O discurso neoliberal e a privatização da saúde pública brasileira

Abstract

This doctoral thesis is inscribed under the theoretical basis of the Materialist Discourse Analysis affiliated to the formulations presented by Michel Pêcheux, particularly to the last phase of development of his studies. It aims to analyze the effects that the neoliberal discourse produces in the precariousness and privatization of Brazilian Public Health. In this sense we are interested in the inseparable relationship between language, history and ideology, taking into account that the subject is produced by ideology and only exists as a result of ideological interpellation processes, not pre-existing it. The corpus was extracted from the letter of Pero Vaz de Caminha to the King of Portugal (1451-1501) and the letter of Temer to President Dilma (2015), documents ordering World Bank investments in Brazil (Governance in the Brazilian Health Unic System, HUS): improving the quality of public spending and resource management; 20 years of construction of the health system in Brazil: an analysis of the Health Unic System), the document of the Brazilian Democratic Movement Party (PMDB) “A Bridge to the future”, images and excerpts from reports, cartoons that circulated on the internet at the time of approval of Constitutional Amendment 95, Constitutional Amendment 95 itself and the report of the 16th National Health Conference. The study demonstrated that the neoliberal discourse produces senses of naturalization and rationality of Health as an “spent”, however, “Health-expenses” has its meaning dislocated to “Health-commodity”, being its salable character the justification for the resumption of the “economic growth” from privatization. As a counterpoint to the neoliberal discourse, which commodifies Brazilian Public Health and, consequently, the HUS, there is a discourse of resistance against privatization, guided by a return to the foundational democratic struggles of Brazilian democracy and the HUS itself.