Análise morfométrica, morfográfica e modelagem de paleosuperfícies das bacias dos rios Mundaú e Paraíba do Meio

Abstract

Landscape analysis has increasingly become a central theme in the field of geographic science. Environmental issues, environmental and urban planning, in addition to the management of natural resources are issues on the agenda. In this scenario, geomorphology has a range of methods and techniques that can contribute to a better understanding of these points and many others related. Therefore, the present research proposes to develop the geomorphological analysis and mapping in order to contribute to the understanding of the dynamics and geomorphological structure of an important sector of the northeast region of Brazil, the southern edge of Borborema, more specifically in two (02) basins, of the Mundaú and Paraíba do Meio rivers. These basins have their sources in the Macrodomo da Borborema, at the Pernambuco-Alagoas Structural Summit. Using data from the MDE (Digital Elevation Model), the hierarchies of the hydrographic basins were extracted to observe the carving of the watercourses. Global and local roughness concentration indices (ICR) were applied to observe the dissection of the reliefs in question, in addition to the drainage density index, which allowed classifying the level of runoff in the hydrographic basins. Three- dimensional models of paleosurfaces were also generated and the longitudinal profiles of both basins were extracted, to analyze the surface differences and possible points of differential erosion along the Mundaú and Paraíba do Meio river basins, aiming to compare the forces that influenced and shaped the reliefs of these basins, and to make a comparison between the two basins for a better understanding of the morphological context of the region. Within the research, it is evident that thanks to the context of proximity and similar climate, the watersheds of the Mundaú and Paraíba do Meio rivers have few differences, and a very similar relief configuration. This is due to both being inserted in the same geomorphological structures, sharing Morphostructural and Morphosculptural genesis processes. I emphasize that which can clearly be understood as having a correlation between internal forces (structural) and external forces (climatic) in the elaboration of its forms, forms of necessary understanding and great relevance for the communities inserted in the course of the hydrographic basins.