A prevalência dos sintomas de depressão em profissionais de enfermagem atuantes na pandemia da Covid-19

Abstract

In December 2019, the world began to experience one of the greatest public health emergencies. In China, a new mutation of the already known Coronavirus was discovered, this time called SARS-CoV-2, which causes a highly contagious acute respiratory syndrome. In just three months after the knowledge of the new disease, called COVID-19, the World Health Organization determined the pandemic status. Given this context, it was possible to identify the increase in psychological distress that can lead to a diagnosis of depression in nursing professionals who worked on the front line in combating the condition. Therefore, this study has the general objective of analysing the association between symptoms and levels of depression in nursing professionals. This is a cross-sectional epidemiological survey carried out with nursing professionals at a university hospital in the city of Uberlândia in Minas Gerais. Data were obtained through a master's thesis, in which a sociodemographic, economic, labour questionnaire and the Beck Depression Inventory were used, compiled in a Google Forms access link and sent by WhatsApp and/or e-mail to the volunteers. Statistical analysis was performed using the R 3.6 software. The results of the sample showed a majority of female professionals, of mixed race, single, with technical school training, an employment relationship, workload between 24 and 30 hours per week and family income greater than three minimum wages. With regard to depression, the prevalence of symptoms is associated with individuals with a higher education in nursing, weekly workload equal to or greater than 40 hours and being married/in a stable relationship or single. Regarding the symptoms and attitudes present in the Beck Depression Inventory, only 11 were statistically significant, in order they can be listed: disappointment, sadness, appearance, appetite, worry, self-criticism, interest, failure, concern about work, irritation and sleep. Cronbach's Alpha reliability was 0.9, which is a great rating. In view of the results, it is expected that there is a better understanding of the symptoms in association with the levels of depression, for an appropriate intervention according to this classification, considering the different social, economic, demographic and work characteristics.