O discurso sobre a universidade pública e o saber científico em meio ao negaciosismo no governo Bolsonaro

Abstract

This thesis analyzes the functioning of the discourse of the ministers of education on the university and scientific knowledge during the government of Jair Bolsonaro (2019-2022). For this purpose, we use the theoretical and methodological perspective of Materialist Discourse Analysis, dialoguing with the pioneering works of Pêcheux (1969, 1997, 1999, 2012, 2014) and Orlandi (2007, 2012, 2014), among other authors. The corpus of the research consists of 23 (twenty-three) discursive sequences extracted from the speech of the ministers of education: Ricardo Vélez Rodríguez (01/01/2019 to 04/08/2019), Abraham Weintraub (04/08/2019 to 19 /06/2020), Carlos Decotelli (25/06/2020 to 30/06/2020), Milton Ribeiro (16/07/2020 to 28/03/2022), Victor Godoy Veiga (18/04/2022 to 31/ 12/2022) taken from the following sources: Official website of the Federal Government, Veja magazine, Folha de São Paulo newspaper and the social network Twitter. The research showed that the Bolsonaro government, represented by its five spokespersons, the ministers of education in their mandates, joins the anti-scientific discourse that does not have the slightest pretense of defending higher, public and quality education. Words predominated that emphasized that the working class should occupy other spaces such as vocational education and that the university should be elitist and handed over to the bourgeois class. It is also observed that although President Jair Bolsonaro replaced his ministers with a certain frequency, they all subscribed to a certain unit, as they defended in their words the restriction of the university to the few, which the ruling class always wanted. With this, it is noted that this government continues the dismantling started in the Post Coup of 2016, in which several rights were overthrown, increasingly scrapping public education in Brazil. In our interpretation gesture, we also saw that the denialist discourse acted in the functioning of the discourse about the university, especially during the coronavirus (Covid-19) pandemic, when science was strongly rejected by the Bolsonaro government. As final considerations, we found that this government favored setbacks in educational policies,vehemently attacked higher education and science. Through the speeches of the five ministers of education, he raised the denialist discourse as a flag. This government was crossed by inconsistencies, anachronisms and neoliberal policies that shattered rights, in the case under study, the right to higher, public and quality education.