Evolução temporal dos casos de sífilis gestacional em Alagoas

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Syphilis is a systemic bacterial infection, the etiological agent of which is Treponema pallidum. When pregnant women are affected by the disease, and there is a late treatment or the absence of such treatment, consequences such as perinatal morbidity and mortality can be generated. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the temporal evolution of gestational syphilis in Alagoas, from 2011 to 2021. METHODS: This is an epidemiological study of an ecological type, with a quantitative and descriptive approach, based on secondary data from the Information System for Diseases of Notification (SINAN), available at the Department of Informatics of the SUS (DATASUS), tabulated by TABNET, referring to cases of gestational syphilis notified in the state of Alagoas in the period from 2011 to 2021. RESULTS: In the State of Alagoas, 561,375 thousand births of babies (live) from 2011 to 2021, and 4,982 cases of gestational syphilis and 3,903 cases of congenital syphilis were reported on SINAN in the same period. The number of cases of gestational syphilis increased considerably from 2011 to 2018, with the latter also having the highest detection rate. From that year onwards, cases have been falling, and in 2021 it had the lowest number of cases compared to the previous five years. With regard to congenital syphilis, the number of cases fluctuated in this time interval, but it had its lowest incidence rate in 2021 (3.66 per thousand live births) and the highest rate in 2018 (8.38 per thousand live births). CONCLUSION: The study carried out allowed analyzing the temporal evolution of gestational syphilis in Alagoas in the period 2011-2021, and a significant increase in the number of cases was observed, however, in the years 2020 and 2021 there was a decrease in these numbers from which can be explained by an underreporting that may have occurred due to the COVID-19 pandemic.