Utilização das tecnologias de cuidado no contexto da gestação de alto risco

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: In Brazil, there are about three million births per year. Of these, 98% occur in hospital establishments (public or private), where technologies are used in order to make care safer for women and babies. In this context, care and technology are related and provide a basis for care practices, so that noninvasive care technologies, implemented, above all, by nursing, gain space from the perspective of humanistic care. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the association between sociodemographic and clinical factors and the use of obstetric care technologies. METHOD: This is a quantitative, exploratory, observational and cross-sectional study conducted in the two main high-risk maternity hospitals in Alagoas, whose participants were postpartum women in joint accommodation. Data collection was performed from November 2021 to October 2022, through the application of a semi-structured form. After data collection, they were organized and analyzed based on descriptive and inferential statistics, using Microsoft Excel and EpiInfo 2.0, the Chi-square test of association was applied, assuming two hypotheses and considering a statistically significant difference with a value of p ≤ 0.050. This research obtained approval from the Research Ethics Committee of UFAL and UNCISAL. RESULTS: We collected 349 forms, of which a sociodemographic profile was drawn, we found a sample of mostly brown women, between 20 and 29 years old, with a family income of up to one minimum wage, who had completed high school education and were single. In the clinical variables, we found a mean of term pregnancies, of the single type, with at least 7 prenatal consultations, neonatal outcomes in joint housing and with at least one associated maternal comorbidity. By contrasting the most used care technologies, we perceive a higher prevalence of light and hard technologies in the high-risk scenario. As for the inference analyses, there was no significant difference between sociodemographic and clinical variables and the context of use of light, light-hard or hard technologies, except for the association between the presence of comorbidities and the non-use of light-hard technologies. CONCLUSION: From the results of this study, we can identify that in the high-risk scenario studied, light and hard technologies were the most used, so that, among the hard technologies, the cesarean section was the one with the highest prevalence. As for the associations, although most were not significant, it is worth emphasizing the need for better use of soft-hard technologies, even in the high-risk context, in order to provide evidence-based practice and a positive childbirth experience for women.