Otimização topológica de treliças planas utilizando o método da seleção direcional progressiva

Abstract

More and more, inspiration is sought from nature to solve complex problems in modern society, whether observing the morphological characteristics of animals and plants or even the behavior of living beings in the environment they live. The naturalist Charles Darwin studied this behavior in depth and proposed a theory that explains how life became what it is today, the Theory of Natural Selection. This theory helped solve problems in the biological sciences, social sciences, and engineering. The theory of natural selection of the directional type inspires the topological optimization method proposed in this study. The Progressive Directional Selection method seeks to optimize a structure by selecting the parts that contribute the most to support the mechanical loads and eliminating the parts that contribute the least in different stages of removal. Numerical applications of PDS (Progressive Directional Selection) were performed in two-dimensional truss structures, starting from a ground structure type structure. The initial design domain is formed by a grid of points interconnected by two-dimensional truss elements. The matrix analysis of plane trusses and the direct stiffness method are employed to analyze the plane truss in the linear elastic regime. The topologies of the selected optimized structures are efficient in supporting the applied loads and very similar to those developed by other topological optimization methods found in the literature.. The results demonstrate that this method can be employed in the optimized design of twodimensional trusses through the topological optimization of ground structure type structure.