A luta dos povos indígenas pela saúde e o controle social: a atuação do Conselho Distrital de Saúde Indígena no DSEI AL/SE

Abstract

Access to health care for culturally distinct minorities is a challenge for the Brazilian public health system in view of its cultural and ethnic specificities. A major achievement arising from the struggle of indigenous peoples is the National Policy for Health Care for Indigenous Peoples (PNASPI), which requires differentiated care at all levels of health care. For this reason, this dissertation addresses the implementation of this policy, emphasizing the struggle of these peoples, in the implementation of the Indigenous Health Care Subsystem (SASI-SUS) and the Special Indigenous Health Districts (DSEIs). The study presented referred us to the numerous challenges regarding the implementation of this policy and its struggle to guarantee differentiated attention. The starting point was the following research problem: What is the direction of action of the District Council for Indigenous Health (CONDISI), as a body of social control, to guarantee the health care of indigenous peoples within the scope of DSEI-AL/SE? In this way, the research aims to analyze the performance of the District Council of Indigenous Health (CONDISI), as an instance of social control, in guaranteeing the right to health of indigenous peoples within the scope of the Special Indigenous Health District (DSEI-AL/SE), considering their cultural and ethnic specificities as recommended by PNASPI, between the years 2016 and 2019. Bibliographical and documentary research was used, which covered, in addition to productions around indigenous health policy, social control, and specificities ethnic and cultural aspects in a historical perspective, the consultation of official documents such as ordinances, resolutions, technical standards, cartography and 29 minutes of CONDISI meetings, from 2016 to 2019. Data collection took place from July to December 2022 and the analysis of the set of documents provided an understanding of the indigenous role in face of their ethnic recognition, the collective struggle in favor of the right to a health policy that meets their cultural specificities, and the participation of this population within CONDISI. Thus, it allowed us to analyze the performance of this council, with regard to the direction of its actions in the face of disputes of interests of these spaces, and above all, to understand the limits placed on this action, considering that the struggle of indigenous peoples, that make up the subordinate classes, must also take place in spaces outside the councils, since the struggle crosses society as a whole.