Avaliação da disponibilidade dietética de ferro e da concentração de hemoglobina em mulheres adultas na idade reprodutiva e em vulnerabilidade social, de Maceió-AL

Abstract

Hemoglobin concentration can decrease due to several factors and is conventionally used as a parameter for the situation of anemia. Among the existing types of anemia, iron deficiency anemia, also known as iron deficiency, remains the most prevalent and constitutes a public health problem worldwide. There are population groups that are more susceptible to the development of this condition, such as women of reproductive age, especially when inserted in the context of social vulnerability. In this context, the risk of developing iron deficiency anemia can be increased when food insecurity (FI) is associated. In addition, the use of contraceptives emerges as an alternative for containment in this context. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the concentration of hemoglobin, and to identify the existence of an association with dietary iron availability in adult women of reproductive age and social vulnerability, in the city of Maceió-AL. The study had a cross-sectional design with a probabilistic and conglomerate sampling design performed in three gains in a simple random fashion. Response variable (CH - blood collection with Hemocue) and predictive variable (dietary DiFe - algorithm by Monsen and Balintfy). For strategic analysis, logistic regression was used and multivariate analysis guided by DAG. 543 women were evaluated, of which 505 had their data analyzed. The results indicate that women who consume a higher dietary DiFe, when detected with the lowest consumption, were more likely to have a higher HC (OR: 1.67; 95%CI: 1.08, 2.59) as well as contraceptive users (OR: 1.67; 95%CI: 1.10, 2.55). However, being in situations of mild (OR: 0.60; 95%CI: 0.37, 0.96) or severe (OR: 0.37; 95%CI: 0.18, 0.76) food insecurity were less likely to have adequate HC. Therefore, it is possible to infer that there is an association between DiFe and HC and that the use of contraceptives and the level of food security are contributing factors in the origin of HC. Thus, the pertinence of food as a way to prevent prevalent nutritional deficiencies such as ADF is highlighted, requiring government intervention in the implementation of public policies that combat this nutritional deficiency and guarantee access to adequate food.