Efeitos da própolis na cicatrização de feridas e no diabetes mellitus: uma revisão integrativa da literatura

Abstract

This is an integrative literature review divided into two articles that aims to analyze in vitro, preclinical and clinical studies of the effects of propolis on the wound healing process and on Diabetes Mellitus. Data were selected through a search by a researcher in the following scientific databases: Web of Science, Pubmed Central, Scielo and Google Scholar. It was carried out with advanced search filters, in the English language, using “Propolis” as the main term, associated through the Boolean operator “AND” to the following terms: a) “healing”; b) “healing”; and “Propolis”, associated with the following term: “diabetes”. In the first article, 146 studies were identified, constituting the sample with 40 studies. Of the 40 (100%) studies analyzed, 13 (32.5%) were in vitro studies and 27 (67.5%) were preclinical and clinical studies. In the second article, 280 studies were identified, constituting the sample with 30 studies, where 22 (73.3%) were in vivo and in vitro preclinical studies and 8 (26.7%) clinical studies. The in vitro, preclinical and clinical studies analyzed highlight the antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of propolis, which can help in the healing process of wounds, including diabetic wounds. In addition to originating the migration and proliferation of fibroblasts in the wound area. In vivo studies also show evidence of its anti-inflammatory and autolytic properties. The studies in the second article bring together in vitro analyzes and in vivo animal models that show that the administration of propolis demonstrated a reduction in blood glucose levels and restoration of insulinemia, high antioxidant activity, reduction of liver and kidney damage, and improvement of the lipid profile. Clinical studies provide evidence of the effects of propolis on glucose metabolism, mainly on glycemic control, as well as improvement of the lipid profile and oxidative stress, through the hypolipidemic and antioxidant action of propolis. This dissertation made it possible to know the therapeutic effects of propolis in the wound healing process and in Diabetes Mellitus, demonstrating that this bee product is a therapeutic alternative from a natural source that plays an important role in the healing process and in the treatment of diabetes. It is noteworthy that the therapeutic activities of propolis depend not only on its chemical composition, but also on the type of propolis used, dosage and time of study. Given the lack of standardization in the dosage of propolis used and study time, it is suggested that more clinical studies are needed.