Investigação do nanocompósito PVP/bentonita/NPAg na produção de filmes para aplicação na área da saúde

Abstract

In view of the growing resistance of microorganisms to antimicrobials, silver nanoparticles (NPAg) emerge as an effective alternative for the treatment of various health-related problems, given their high antimicrobial activity. The production of polymeric films has stood out due to the possibility of using biocompatible polymers, among which polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) stands out for acting in the synthesis process of NPAg and preventing the formation of agglomerates. In this context, the addition of a polymer to a layered nanostructured clay, such as bentonite (Bt), forming a lamellar silicate polymer nanocomposite (PSL), constitutes an interesting material for study in view of the conference of better properties. Thus, the objective of this work is to synthesize and characterize the film composed of the PVP/Bt/NPAg nanocomposite. The colloidal suspension was characterized by UV-Vis spectrophotometry, dynamic light scattering and zeta potential and atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS). The thin film was formed and characterized by UV-Vis spectrophotometry. After that, bentonite was added in different proportions and interference in film formation was verified. Once the material was obtained, it went on to physicochemical characterization using X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. (EDS) and mechanical tensile testing. The colloidal suspension was obtained and showed stability and a slow silver reduction aspect by PVP with low concentration synthesized. The thin film obtained revealed the non-interference of the drying process in the synthesis of nanoparticles. The films produced showed, through XRD, that there was formation of the PSL nanocomposite and the amorphous characteristic of the polymer, crystalline of silver and bentonite, which was in its exfoliated mode. The FTIR indicated the participation of groups containing oxygen and nitrogen, derived from PVP, in the reduction of silver. The surface morphology of the samples was altered with the addition of bentonite, presented in flakes, and nanosilver, which exhibited a shiny appearance. The composition was confirmed by EDS without showing contamination peaks in the material. By mechanical test, the addition of bentonite improved the initial properties conferred by PVP. Thus, it is legitimate to infer that there was formation of a film with adequate properties for biological application and in the health area.