A perspectiva da enfermagem sobre violência obstétrica

Abstract

Introduction: For years, childbirth, previously considered natural, occurred without many medical interventions, however, over the years there have been significant changes in the care offered in the pre-delivery, delivery and post-partum period, and among these changes is the implementation of interventions that, despite being useful in certain situations, contributed to the dehumanization of childbirth and, consequently, to the practice of obstetric violence, and, by providing care from prenatal care to the postpartum period, nursing becomes fundamental in the prevention of obstetric violence. Objective: to know the perspective of the nursing team regarding practices of obstetric violence. Methodology: This is an exploratory qualitative research of a descriptive nature, using data collection, application of a semi-structured questionnaire and interviews. The research was carried out with the nursing staff of the Prepartum and Obstetric Center sectors in the maternity ward of a teaching hospital in the Northeast, after approval by the ethics and research committee of UFAL, under CAAE number 65819022.9.0000.5013. Data were analyzed according to the steps of the Content Analysis technique developed by Bardin. Results: 15 interviews were carried out with nursing professionals from the pre-partum and obstetric center of the institution, where 100% of the interviewees are female, ten of the interviewees have a degree in nursing, three have a technical course in nursing and two of them have both the graduation in nursing and the technical level course. Of the total number of participants, only three have residency in women's health and obstetrics, 60% of the total number of participants reported having had some type of discussion about obstetric violence and all reported having witnessed or experienced obstetric violence. For the nurses participating in the research, obstetric violence can be understood in many ways, and can cover different areas of the life of a pregnant or puerperal woman, whether physical, psychological, sexual or verbal, generating negative consequences for both the mother-child binomial, and for the family as a whole, because, for some of the interviewees, despite being violence against women, it reverberates in family relationships. Conclusion: In view of the facts exposed, it is evident that, although most participants do not have a lato sensu graduate degree in the area of Women's Health and Obstetrics or training or discussion about obstetric violence in their academic education, the understanding of nursing, with regard to obstetric violence, prevails in the care team, since the concepts of obstetric violence presented by them included the different specificities of this aggression.