Acurácia e propriedades psicométricas das ferramentas de busca e identificação de PRMS: uma revisão sistemática

Abstract

Drug-Related Problems (DRPs) are events that necessarily involve pharmacotherapy and may interfere with a patient's clinical outcome. The expense related to DRPs in Brazil reaches R$ 94 billion, which may be avoidable. Systems to classify and identify PRMs have been developed, however, due to the lack of standardization and studies that validate them, their efficacy is questionable. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties and accuracy of DRP identification tools. The present study followed the designs of a Systematic Review in order to answer the following research question: "What are the psychometric properties and accuracy of DRP search and identification tools?" The articles were selected by searching PubMed, Scielo, Scopus, and Lilacs; in which the search strategy was based on the terms "Drug Related Problems", "Psychometric", and "Tools". The study inclusion criteria were: i) to present a tool for searching and identifying DRPs; ii) tools that adopted some definition of DRPs; iii) data on psychometric properties and accuracy of the tools. The search strategy identified 1721 articles, in which after screening and full reading, only 8 articles were included. In all, six tools for searching and identifying DRPs were identified (PAIR, DART, MERIS, PART, Evaluation of Drug Process Use, and Risk Score to Identify DRP). Four studies reported at least one parameter about the psychometric and accuracy properties of the tools, while two studies reported 4 out of 11 evaluable properties. The present study identified six tools for identifying DRPs, of these, only two, the PAIR and PART tools, showed satisfactory coefficients regarding psychometric properties. Regarding accuracy, two among the six tools - the Risk Score to Identify DRP and MERIS - showed AUC-ROC greater than 0.7.