O livro didático de ciências da natureza e suas tecnologias: uma análise dos indicadores de alfabetização científica e sua relação com as habilidades do novo ensino médio

Abstract

The use of textbooks in chemistry classes is a common practice among teachers. However, to use this teaching device, it is necessary to consider some indicators of scientific literacy, as well as to update about all the changes generated in the new high school through the common national curriculum base, avoiding the use of the book as the only pedagogical resource and preventing the use of books inappropriate to the school context in which it operates. Among the objectives of this work, we figure to identify, analyze and relate the skills proposed by the common national curriculum base to be acquired by the students with what each of the indicators of scientific literacy requests. For this, we used the indicators of scientific literacy proposed by Pizarro (2014), in the analysis of 6 books of the first year of the new high school of different authors approved in the PNLD 2021- 2023. For the analysis of the books, the seven indicators of scientific literacy were considered: articulating ideas, investigating, arguing, reading in science, problematizing, creating and acting. We considered the identification data of the books, whether the books awaken the articulation of ideas, the student's investigative sense, questions that enable argumentative capacity, presentation of typical characteristics of the scientific genre, such as tables and graphs, problematize about the use and impact of science on the student's daily life, and the possibility of the student to create and act, based on problem solutions involving science. After analyzing the books, it was possible to perceive that the Multiverse collection does not make use of skills that make it possible to relate them to the indicator of scientific literacy to argue, in addition in both collections, the indicators problematize, create and act are the least favored in the correlation with the skills established by the common national curriculum base.