Avaliação do efeito do Solutol® H15 no perfil das crises recorrentes e espontâneas em modelo experimental de epilepsia do lobo temporal

Abstract

Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by the presence of recurrent and spontaneous epileptic seizures (SRCs), affecting approximately 50 million people worldwide. Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (TLE) is the most prevalent in the adult population and has a high refractoriness rate (40%) in pharmacological treatment. Therefore, it is urgent to develop new therapeutic alternatives for TLE. Solutol HS 15 (SOL) is a synthetic substance used as a vehicle for drugs that are not soluble in aqueous media and has shown effects on cell electrophysiology (inhibiting transporters and membrane ion channels) and on neuroprotection against focal and global cerebral ischemia. Our research group, through previous studies, observed that pre-treatment with SOL promotes a reduction in the profile of seizures during Status epilepticus. The present study aimed to evaluate whether treatment with SOL decreases spontaneous seizures, present in the chronic phase of epilepsy. For this, we used male Wistar rats submitted to induction of status epilepticus (SE) with administration of Li-PILO (127mg/kg) , where the animals were video - monitored 24 hours a day to detect spontaneous and recurrent seizures (SRCs). The epileptic animals were then submitted to treatment with solutol (N=10, 2mL/Kg of SOL diluted in 0.9% saline solution (45%/55%, v/v, respectively)) or saline solution for 15 days. During the entire process, the animals remained under video monitoring for evaluation and quantification of epileptic seizures, according to Racine's scale. Statistical analysis was performed by non-parametric T- test, comparing the profile of seizures before treatment with the profile during or after treatment, using the GraphPad program, Prism 7.0. We observed that 70% of the animals submitted to treatment with SOL had the number of seizures significantly reduced. The analysis of seizure severity revealed that this reduction occurred in generalized seizures of levels 3 and 4, according to Racine's scale. Animals treated with saline did not show a significant reduction in seizures during treatment. Furthermore, we observed that after discontinuing treatment, seizures returned to the frequency observed before treatment. Thus, SOL has an anticonvulsant effect on spontaneous and recurrent seizures, and interruption of treatment generates a return of increased seizure activity.