Avaliação de protocolos utilizados para coleta e extração de DNA de células bucais

Abstract

Forensic science is an interdisciplinary area that includes biology, among other sciences, and aims to provide support for investigations related to criminal and civil justice. One of the forensic sciences is forensic genetics, which is one of the main activities performed with the help of a laboratory, which in turn has several activities related to the study of genetic material, among them are the execution of forensics in cases of parentage, individual identification, and biological criminalistics. With the discovery of DNA, and the advances in molecular biology, the development of new techniques contribute to the process of human identification, among them PCR. In this study, different variables were evaluated in the protocol of DNAextraction from oral mucosa cells, collected from sterile swabs, aiming to standardize the collection of DNA from oral cells in the Forensic DNA laboratory of the Federal University of Alagoas. Descriptive analysis and test of variance (ANOVA) were carried out. The results obtained showed that the use of sublingual collection is preferable, drying for 15 min at room temperature is sufficient, and that there is an inverse relationship between storage time at room temperature and the quantity of DNA. It is worth mentioning that it was possible to obtain amplified DNA in samples stored at room temperature for up to 240 days. This contributes to the standardization of the collection using Chélex 100 in the Forensic DNA lab.