Correlação de dados de equilíbrio líquido-líquido para sistemas ternários de hidrocarbonetos

Abstract

In 2015, fossil fuels were responsible for more than 85% of the world's energy generation, resulting in a large drop in the availability of its reservoirs due to unbridled exploitation in order to supply its demand. This high consumption occurs even with its use being associated with several environmental problems, mainly due to the high emission of carbon dioxide, which is one of the main gases that intensify the greenhouse effect. Currently, the world is going through an energy transition with biofuels as one of the protagonists, which are present with the intention of meeting the demand that should be supplied by fossil fuels, however, producing and being consumed in a cleaner way because they are less toxic, renewable and biodegradable. Biodiesel is a biofuel widely used for this purpose, obtained mainly through the transesterification reaction of oils of vegetable and animal origin. However, the study of the products generated from this reaction, biodiesel and glycerin, it’s important for the simulation and optimization of the process, proposing the study of the ternary system formed from the liquid-liquid equilibrium where the extract and raffinate phases coexist in equilibrium. Thus, the validation of experimental data through correlation analysis is necessary. In this work, it’s suggest a thermodynamic correlation for ternary biodiesel-glycerin-alcohol diagrams using the comparison with the criticisms made by Carniti to the Othmer-Tobias and Hand correlations, testing their sensitivity to error for validation of the equation obtained. In the end, good variations of R² were obtained for peanut biodiesel, however good variations were not observed for jatropha, cottonseed, chicken residue and catolé seed biodiesel.