Estudo de caso da ocorrência de rampas de potência em um sistema fotovoltaico na cidade de Maceió-AL

Abstract

ABSTRACT

The amount of energy produced from photovoltaic systems depends directly on solar irradiance, with climate changes, such as rain formation and cloud movements, the main reason for the fluctuation of output power in photovoltaic systems. As important as the analysis of variations in solar irradiance, is the analysis of the consequent variations in the output power of the system. These sudden variations can be defined as ramps, and can cause fluctuations in the generation of photovoltaic energy, which can negatively impact the stability of the grid. This work presents the main concepts found in the literature about these ramps, whether they are irradiance or power, also presenting their main characteristics and the most common problems they can cause in photovoltaic systems. A case study is presented, using data collected during 18 months by a data acquisition system coupled to an experimental photovoltaic system of 5.1 kWp, for identification, analysis and classification of power ramps using a computational tool called Ramp Rate Analyzer, developed exclusively for this purpose. With the flexibility that the tool presented, it became clear its contribution in the sense of quickly classifying and presenting, through graphs, the occurrence of power ramps in any photovoltaic system, varying only the size of the system, the interval of ramps and the time period of analysis.

Keywords: Ramp, Solar Power, Solar Irradiance.