Influência da aplicação tópica do gel de própolis vermelha alagoana na progressão da periodontite experimental em ratos

Abstract

Periodontal diseases are pathologies that cause progressive destruction of supporting and protection dental tissues in susceptible individuals. Several chemical agents have been used as adjuvants to inhibit the formation of oral biofilm and prevent the progression of periodontal disease. This study radiographically evaluated the action of Brazilian Red Propolis (BRP) in the progression of ligature-induced periodontal disease in rats. The ethanolic extract of BRP from Alagoas State was characterized by UPLC-DAD and tested for cytotoxicity in J774.A1 macrophages. Forty-two Wistar rats, divided into groups (n = 6): Group C (without treatment); Group N (Natrosol - pure natrosol gel application); CHX Group (Chlorhexidine - 2% chlorhexidine gel); Group PV10 (BRP gel at 10 mg / ml); Group PV15 (BRP gel at 15 mg / ml); Group PV10 + CHX (BRP 10 mg / ml + 2% chlorhexidine gel); Group PV15 + CHX (BRP 15 mg / ml + 2% chlorhexidine gel) were used in the study. The gels were applied daily, since the insertion of the ligature, for a period of 15 days. After the experimental period, the animals were euthanized and radiographic analyzes were performed using cone beam computed tomography to measure periodontal bone support. The values obtained were analyzed by variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey's post-hoc. The results obtained indicated the presence of anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory flavonoids, such as liquiritigenin, daidzein, formononetin, isoliquiritigenin, pinobanksin, biochanin A and pinocembrin. The cytotoxicity test demonstrated BRP was non-toxic in concentrations up to 10 µg / ml. The tomographic evaluation showed significantly more bone support (p <0.05) in the groups that used BRP in relation to the control and vehicle, whereas there was no statistically significant difference between the experimental groups. In conclusion, the application of gel with BRP from Alagoas demonstrated a protective effect against bone resorption due to experimental periodontitis similar to chlorhexidine, being a potential therapeutic agent in the management of periodontal disease.