Para além das rachaduras: as ações da comunidade no enfrentamento da situação de risco socioambiental no bairro do Pinheiro em Maceió-AL

Abstract

The drama experienced by the residents of Pinheiro, a neighborhood located in Maceió, capital of Alagoas, in the Northeast of Brazil, triggered this master's research. The neighborhood was officially identified as a risk area, by the Geological Survey of Brazil (CPRM) and other government agencies, due to the appearance of cracks and fissures that evolved due to a seismic shock recorded in 2018. of the community in the confrontation and management of socio-environmental risk. Specifically, we seek to identify the limits and possibilities of the residents' participation in the actions and decision-making processes, in addition to knowing the articulations - or their absence - the experiences and controversies that configure the field under study. We also propose to situate how this discussion was approached in the scientific field. Our research is inserted in a qualitative methodology in Social Psychology, guided by the hermeneutic vision of knowledge production. The theoretical and methodological references that guide this study are based on the assumptions of the constructionist movement, which aims at co-construction of knowledge, as well as the Actor-Network Theory (TAR), which makes it possible to understand the management of risk areas from their multiplicity and complexity performed by human and non-human actors. We used two methods to compose the corpus of this study: a documentary research, based on documents in the public domain – journalistic publications - and the writing of field diaries. In the process of analyzing the documents published by the media, we identified culprit incidents - events that deal with conflicts and the people involved in a given controversy. The four incidents identified in this process were: 1) the appearance of cracks; 2) how cracks become collective and public; 3) the earthquake and 4) the conclusive report of the Geological Survey of Brazil, due to the cause of the instability of the soil. Based on events, it was possible to visualize changes in the strategies implemented by the community and to verify that they moved from passive, individual and palliative actions to more active and collective actions, mediated by the performance of community associations.