Avaliação da expansão urbana na cidade de Maceió via produtos orbitais

Abstract

The disorderly growth of cities resulted in significant changes in land use and occupation and in the urban climate of cities in Northeast Brazil (NEB). Therefore, the objective of this study is to evaluate urban expansion and environmental impact in Maceió-Alagoas between 1985 and 2020 via land surface temperature (LST) and normalized vegetation index (NDVI). The orbital products came from the Landsat 5/Thematic Mapper (TM) and 8/Operational Land Imager (OLI) sensors. The study used four images of temporal and spatial changes in urbanization corresponding to 1987, 1998, 2006 and 2020. The NDVI and LST thematic maps were generated using the R environment software version 3.4.1. The results obtained show significant changes in land use and occupation from the NDVI, as well as a significant increase in LST over 35 years. This change occurred in the north (N) and northwest (NW) regions of the city as a result of the Federal Government programs, called Programa de Aceleração do Crescimento (PAC) and Minha Casa Minha Vida (PMCMV), mainly in the 2010s. with the greatest changes in land use and occupation, which resulted in the greatest increase in LST between 7.5-0.0ºC. The effects of urban expansion are mitigated due to the existing environmental protection zones on the city's border, especially the Environmental Protection Areas (APA) Catolé, Fernão Velho and Parque Municipal de Maceió. The impact of urban sprawl is mitigated due to environmental protection areas.