Ocorrência dos grupos taxonômicos Hymenoptera e Coleoptera no Ecossistema Mangue, em Marechal Deodoro, Alagoas

Abstract

The mangrove is a coastal ecosystem that transitions between terrestrial and maritime environment. Is subjected to the tidal regime and formed by tropical and subtropical flooded forests of brackish or saline water, it possess a significant fauna, that performs important ecosystem functions, with great ecological, social and economic value. In this context, the goal was to evaluate the occurrence of the taxonomic groups Hymenoptera and Coleoptera of the edaphic and aerial macrofauna in the mangrove ecosystem in the municipality of Marechal Deodoro, Alagoas. The survey was carried out in April, May and June of 2019 on areas with different types of land-use (Agricultural Farming, Degraded, (Civil Construction/Mangrove Edge) and Mangrove), belonging to the Mundaú/Manguaba Estuarine-Lagunar Complex (CELMM). The organisms were captured with Provid traps, which were quantified and identified in the laboratory. The quantity, diversity and equability were evaluated by the ecological indices of Shannon diversity (H) and Pielou uniformity (e) and related to edaphoclimatic factors (rainfall, soil temperature and soil water content). The data were tested for normality (Shapiro-Wilk) and homoscedasticity (Fligner Test) and the hypotheses were tested by submitting data to Spearman correlation estimates, Kruskal-Wallis analysis and Dunn's post-hoc test. The most dominant taxonomic group of edaphic and aerial macrofauna is Hymenoptera, registered in all the sampled areas. Aerial macrofauna was more abundant in areas with mangrove vegetation, such as (Civil Construction/Mangrove Edge) Transition and Mangrove, and the edaphic macrofauna was concentrated in the Agricultural Cultivation area. The areas that presented greater diversity and equability were Civil Construction/Mangrove Edge Transition and Mangrove, for edaphic macrofauna which also coincides with the areas that presented greater abundance of aerial macrofauna. The sampling period (April, May and June of 2019) was enough to indicate that edaphoclimatic factors influence in different ways the number, diversity and equability of organisms from the Hymenoptera and Coleoptera groups of aerial macrofauna and was insufficient to indicate any influence on the edaphic macrofauna.