Avaliação da proteção costeira e recuperação de praias em Maceió

Abstract

For decades, the capital of Alagoas has been suffering from problems generated by coastal erosion. One of the aggravating factors of these problems is human intervention, due to the constructions made very close to the beach, they took the place of the typical vegetation of restinga, where they once occupied that space and in their natural cycle helped to retain the airborne sediments. For this reason, it was necessary to use engineering works for coastal protection and beach recovery, in order to inhibit erosive processes. Therefore, the main objective of this work is to analyze and evaluate the main effects caused by the erosive processes on the coastline of the beaches of Maceió (AL) and, through the solutions used to contain these erosive processes, to observe at a comparative level, which of these technologies has greater and better effectiveness in the process of containment of erosion and the recovery of the beach through the natural fattening generated by the possible accumulation of sediments. The methodology for obtaining the results was through a literature review based on studies published in the last 24 years, and through the monitoring of cases in the field on the beaches of Maceió. Descriptive research was used for this work, considering that, based on the work of several authors who discuss this topic, there is a conceptual integration between them, which collaborated as a guide for the identification and analysis of evidence. In the analysis of the results obtained through the literature review and field monitoring, it was observed that most of the solutions adopted to contain coastal erosion on the beaches of Maceió, obtained unsatisfactory results due to factors such as: lack of maintenance, collapse, visual pollution, environmental pollution and risk of accidents with passersby, among these solutions we can mention the Bolsacreto, rockfill, gabion and retaining wall. The solutions that showed satisfactory results were the Bagwall and the Sandbag, these solutions presented positive factors such as: durability, low maintenance cost, stability, induction of natural fattening on the beach, low and very low environmental impact, interaction with the environment and recovery of natural landscape.