Caracterização dos aspectos físicos dos depósitos superficiais do maciço de Mata Grande - Alagoas

Abstract

Due to population growth, and the growth of environmental damage caused by the anthropic action represented by the high processes of use and occupation, often irregular and disproportionate, also increase the levels of erosion and degradation of soils. Bearing in mind that soil formation and classification is an important factor for zoning and environmental planning issues, it is of utmost importance identify the dynamics of relief for organization and planning to occursuitable for each area. The research seeks to characterize the surface deposits based on topographic attributes in the Massif of Mata Grande - Alagoas, in addition to granulometry and morphoscopy of the collected materials, and relate these with the units of relief. To carry out the collections of the material, the tools were used in accordance with the Manual of description and collection of soil in the field (SANTOS, et, al. 2005), for the sample preparation, the instructions described in NBR 6457/86 were followed, the granulometric tests were followed according to NBR 7181/84, combined with the use of the methodology of Gale & Hoare (1991, apud. RAMOS 2014), The textural triangles were generated in the Gradistat v8 software, and for morphoscopy 100 grains of each fraction sand from each horizon were selected with the aid of a binocular magnifying glass. The triangle textural presents the granulometric results of the sediment samples, which are grouped in a single triangle because they have partially similar textures, these being classified as: sandy mud, lightly gravel mud and mud overgrown. The granulometric analyzes provided important data regarding the levelsof sand and clay present in the sediment samples, differentiating the deposits superficial in colluvial and alluvial, of the collected sedimentary samples, only one presented alluvial evidence, while the rest presented colluvial predominance. In soil samples, granulometric analysis offered an important subsidy for differentiate soil classes, and predominantly Neosols were found. It is clear that the classes found are characteristic of regions with dry climates and found in the municipality, emphasizing that there is an incidence of sub-humid microclimate Seco, corroborating for the development of Cambisols, which need wetter conditions to develop. Field recognition and analysis of Environmental variables of the Massif demonstrated that the survey carried out by EMBRAPA is compatible with the types of soils found in the Massif.