Os personagens-escritores de Graciliano Ramos: o ser e fazer literários aos olhos de João Valério, Paulo Honório e Luís da Silva

Abstract

The Alagoan Graciliano Ramos is one of the great writers of Brazilian literature. Among several works he wrote there are three regionalist novels, which are worked on here, namely, Caetés (1975a), São Bernardo (1983) and Angústia (1947), which he owns to Geração de 30, second phase of the Modernism artistic movement. That said, the present work aims to analyze the main characters of these three novels, a saber, João Valério, Paulo Honório and Luís da Silva, respectively. It is intended with this to identify the idea of what literature is and make literary held by these characters, considering that Graciliano, using the resource of metalanguage, that is, speaking of art within itself, to construct them in a way that atributes them the profession of writer, who as such aim to produce a literary work, which in the process end up exposing what they think of literature and its production. In these terms, to carry out such an attempt, the artistic movement to which these works belong is brought, which includes characteristics and context of emergence. Graciliano and his habitus, that is, the internalization of society's beliefs, habits, ways of life, as well as Roda de Maceió, a literary field of which he was a part and that being a space of power made him rise as a writer, are also worked on, which it allowed to identify the ideas of being and make literary ones held by himself, ideas that reverberate in those of his characters, mainly with regard to the “dryness” of writing. Thus, after analysis, it is shown that these gracilean characters-writers are nothing more than their alter egos, that is, a version of the author himself, which means that, in addition to other things, they reflect his literary ideas. Given the above, the methodology is biographical analytical and documentary, and the writings of Graciliano Ramos are used in particular. To base this work, the following authors are used as main references: Coutinho (2004), Bosi (2006), Bourdieu (1996, 2007, 2009), Candido (1980), Lessa (2014), Silva (2011), Marques (2017), Fausto (2012), Rocha (2014) and Miceli (2001).