A reforma do Ensino médio: discursos (re) veladores

Abstract

This dissertation integrates the search group “Public Policy: History and Speech”, in the search line “History and Education Politics” of PPGE/CEDU. The present work analyzes the “New” High School Reform from the Provisional Measure 746/2016, proposed by Temer government, through the education minister Mendonça Filho. The research objective consists in contribute to a critical reading of reforms of the brazilian education nowadays. In this work we present the following guiding questions: which discursive memory is evoked? What is silenced in the “New” High School Reform Speech? More specifically, we sought to relate the education social complex with the category “work” in a ontological perspective; to analyze the functioning of the discursive memory, the sense effects that the discourse about the “new” high school reform tries to establish, and identify the silenced limits and contradictions in the discursive materiality of the Exposition of Motives (EM 00084/2016/MEC) that justifies the Provisional Measure while educational public policy. The methodological route was through bibliographic and documental research and the data were analyzed through theoretical-methodological referential of the Speech Analysis founded by Michel Pêcheux, anchored in the Dialectical and Historical Materialism. Beyond Pêcheux, other authors contributed in the referential theoretical of this research, such as: Cavalcante (2007), Orlandi, Saviani (2013), (2018); Frigotto (2010) and others. The corpus analyzed was composed of discursive sequences (SDs) extracted from the document “Exposition of Motives” that fundamented the MP 746/2016. The study performed signals that the “New” High School Reform – considering the struggle between Capital and Work, own of class society, in this case, the capitalist one – is level to the notion of human capital and pedagogy of skills, fundamented in the instrumental racionality instituted in the Work Social Division, which is subscribed in the Ideological Formation of Capital. In this sense, we perceive that the “New” High School Reform simulates a speech of “new”, however evokes the discursive memory of dictatorial periods occurred in Brazil, as the New State with the organic laws of the minister Gustavo Capanema and the business-military dictatorship that instituted the second version of the National Education Guidelines and Framework Law (LDB n. 5.692/1971) establishing the professional education as the only possibility of formation to the public school students. In this perspective, the “New” High School reform is part of a capitalist society project that has the role of preparing the working class to the new standarts of explotation that attends to the market demands in counterposition to working class general and critical formation.