Avaliação da qualidade da dieta de hipertensos de Maceió-AL segundo Índice de Alimentação Saudável (IAS)

Abstract

Several dietary assessment strategies have been proposed to verify the association between dietary intake and chronic diseases. This way, dietary indexes have been developed that take into account different parameters, such as food groups, specific nutrients, variety and / or diet diversity. Among the various indexes, this study approches the Healthy Eating Index (HEI). This way, this dissertation presents two articles: a literature review on published studies that evaluated food intake according to HEI as an instrument used to evaluate the diet quality of the Brazilian population', analyzing its methodologies and results. Where it was verified that the Brazilian food standard, in the light of IAS "needs improvements" corroborating population studies, although with another denomination. There were also IAS associations with sociodemographic, clinical, metabolic, lifestyle and behavioral data. And, also presents an article of results with the application of HEI in hypertensive patients of the municipality of Maceió-AL. It is a cross-sectional study, appurtenant to the research project for SUS (PPSUS). In this, adult individuals were studied, in follow-up / enrolled in the SISHIPERDIA by the Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF). It was used the 24-hour diet recall (R24H) method to evaluate dietary intake and subsequent comparison with HEI. A total of 362 individuals were obtained, of which 216 (Group A) obtained 1 R24H, and 146 (Group B) were terminated with 3 R24H. It was verified that the studied population is in the category of "need to improve" the quality of the diet, which can be attributed to the low consumption of fruits, vegetables, vegetables and meats, and high consumption of sugars and fat. This finding was most evident in the group evaluated by 3R24H.