A experiência da criança hospitalizada com a realidade virtual no cuidado de enfermagem em procedimentos dolorosos

Abstract

During childhood hospitalization it is common to perform painful procedures that reflect on the well-being, communication and continuity of health care. One of the nursing team's concerns about these situations is to relieve the child's pain and comfort, especially in invasive procedures. In this sense, an innovation in nursing care has been verified in na exploratory way through the use of Virtual Reality, mediated by the glasses, allowing the child to report to a different reality from which he is inserted. The aim was to understand the experience of hospitalized children with virtual reality in painful procedures. A descriptive exploratory study, with a qualitative approach, performed in a pediatric clinic of a School Hospital, Federal Public Alagoas network, after approval by the Ethics Committee under opinion nº 2,857,902. Information was obtained from October to December 2018, following the steps: identification of the child in need of a painful procedure, information gathering and application of the behavioral pain scale, observation of the child during nursing care and interview with the the end of the painful procedure. The presentation and discussion of the results was based on the analysis of content according to Bardin. The experience with the virtual reality occurred with eight children who underwent painful procedures and eight companions, with hospitalization time between 1 and 36 days, in the following painful procedures: peripheral venous puncture, enema, withdrawal of central venous access, blood collection, dressing drainage, surgical wound dressing, and central access dressing. . Through the evaluation of pain by the scale of behavioral pain for children, it was verified that before the procedure seven children presented mild pain and one, moderate pain. During the procedure, three had no pain, four had mild pain and one had severe pain. After the procedure, six had no pain, mild pain and moderate pain. During the procedure, three had no pain, four had mild pain and one had severe pain. After the procedure, six had no pain, mild pain and moderate pain. The experience with virtual reality contributed to the humanization of nursing care to the child and to the reduction of pain through distraction, as well as improved apprehension related to the procedure. In the interview with the companions, it was verified that the nursing care the child in the hospitalization occurs in a positive way, in attendance to the needs of the child. In this study, the spectacles showed a technology that is easy to apply and effective for the reduction of pain according to the behavioral scale.