Avaliação do desempenho de reator anaeróbio de leito fixo e fluxo contínuo, em escoamento ascendente, preenchido com pneu triturado sob diferentes cargas orgânicas aplicadas

Abstract

The aim of this work was to evaluate the performance of an anaerobic fixed bed and upflow reactor using two - stage continuous tread rubber, initially treating domestic sewage and then industrial effluent, in order to analyze the behavior of the same before the variation of the applied tributary aiming to classify the final effluent as to the possible reuse or launching. The reactor had a reaction volume of approximately 6.0 L and operated with a hydraulic detention time of 13.5 h over the entire operation and applied organic volumetric load of 1.08 ± 0.29 and 1.85 ± 0.13 kgDQO / m³.day in the first and second phases of the experiment, respectively. The first stage lasted 29 days, while the second 22 days, totaling 51 days of operation. The system showed an increase in the average efficiency of removal of organic matter from 58% in the stage with domestic affluent to 72% with industrial affluent in terms of gross COD. As for turbidity, the removal efficiency was always above 65% throughout the operation. For suspended solids, mean values of 54.7, 62.8 and 59.7% were obtained in the initial phase, respectively, in the removal of SST, SSV and SSF, respectively, and the respective percentages of 70.2 , 70.3 and 76.5% efficiency. On the other hand, the total solids had low removal rates for ST, STV and FTS, with mean percentages below 45% in the first stage and less than 35% in the second for all these indicators, differing from the other parameters studied. The effluent was not able to fit in the classes of reuse analyzed, being, however, suitable for the launching in receiver body for both phases of the operation according to the current regulation. In general, the results obtained were interesting, since the efficiency of the reactor was higher when the organic load was applied for most of the analyzed parameters. In addition, the biological filter has operational simplicity, low investment cost and presented good response when compared to other technologies with similar environmental or operating characteristics, if it is a versatile alternative for the treatment of effluents.