Análise espacial dos acidentes de trânsito nas rodovias federais do Estado de Alagoas

Abstract

Brazil is framed among the countries with the highest mortality rates related to traffic accidents. Alagoas, in turn, got significant increases in its fleets in recent years, and with this, the problems generated in traffic have intensified. Therefore, this work aims to perform a spatial analysis of the federal highways of the state of Alagoas to identify critical municipalities where traffic accidents occur. From a cross-sectional study with reference records between the years 2014 to 2018 and through an exploratory analysis of spatial data and geo-referencing (Geographic Information Systems), we used coropléticos maps and the Moran index (I), with the level of significance of 5%, to observe and associate factors of total accidents, causes, phase of the day and severity of accidents. The most significant univariate spatial autocorrelation were total accidents (I=0.345), lack of attention and safety distance (I=0.339), dangerous overtaking (I=0.336), slippery lane (I=0.270), ingestion of alcoholic beverages and psychoactive substances (I=0.268), disobedience to traffic regulations (I=0.259), full night (I=0.338) and severe injuries (I=0.300). For the most significant bivariate spatial autocorrelation, it indicated a dangerous overtaking in the middle of the night (I=0.359) and with severe injuries (I=0.336). For georeferencing, the maps showed a high incidence in BR-101, BR-104 and BR-316. Therefore, it is concluded that the northeastern region of the state of Alagoas, with Pilar and Rio Largo, being the regions and places critical of traffic accidents, respectively.