O Brasil no contexto do gerenciamento de áreas contaminadas: um olhar crítico para as regiões desiguais do país

Abstract

Currently the world discusses the problem of soil contamination and seeks to manage such contamination so that risks related to environmental damage and population health can be minimized. In this work the situation of Brazilian states in relation to the level of contaminated site management, according to the application of the criteria and guidelines of CONAMA 420/09 Resolution was evaluated. Information was obtained from the state environmental agencies through consultations in their electronic websites, telephone contacts and the application of a specific questionnaire. The highest level of management was found in the Southeast region. Considering the level of industrialization in each state as well as its population density, a risk analysis of the environmental impacts caused by soil contamination due to the performance of each State in relation to the level of contaminated site management was taken. The risk was considered critical in the states of Ceará, Pernambuco, Bahia, Espírito Santo, Paraná, Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul and the Federal District. Brazilian states have a great inequality in the application of the guidelines of CONAMA 420/09 Resolution. In regions undergoing industrialization, such as the Northeast, progress must be made in soil quality management practices, lest the unjustifiable damage to the environment and public health that have occurred in industrialized regions in past decades is repeated.