Problemas multiplicativos envolvendo combinatória: estratégias de resolução de alunos do 4º ano do Ensino fundamental

Abstract

The present work has as main objective to analyze the strategies of the students of the 4th year of elementary school 1 when solving multiplicative problems involving combinatorial, hus promoting the logical development from the Initial Years. In addition, the research aims to: dentify the strategies that students use to solve multiplicative problems involving combinatorics and to understand how problem solving helps in the development of combinatorial reasoning in 4th grade students. For development (2011), Kamii(2004), Fiorentini and Lorenzato(2009), Borba (2013), Saiz (2001), Lima (2012), Brazil (1997), among others that discuss the resolution of problems and strategies for the teaching of Mathematics, in addition, the research has a qualitative character, since the approach is the case study observing the strategies and resolution of the 30 students of the 4th year of Elementary School 1 in a public school of the municipality of Maceió. During the workshop we used as an instrument for data collection and analysis the photographic records of the resolutions, annotations about the dilemmas and paths that the students drew to reach the goal. We have noticed that students solved the problems involving combinatorial by means of logical reasoning based on the multiplicative concepts, in addition, they did not use only the chematization through the algorithm, but also, the drawing to schematize and to find the solutions of the problems. In this sense, to study such applicability of resolution of the multiplicative problems involving combinatorial expose that the Mathematics is not constituted of procedures but based on a logical reasoning that is present in the daily activities.