Caracterização físico-química e microbiológica de tintura e extratos secos de própolis vermelha de Alagoas

Abstract

Propolis is a natural product with has a worldwide focus into it research due to its chemical composition which is rich in flavonoids and phenolic acids responsible for various biological activities. The Brazilian phytotherapeutics industries are developing dried extracts of propolis with where the concentration of flavonoids has been standardized, however there is a need to develop new chemical, physico-chemical methods and microbiological assays to ensure its quality. The present study aimed to characterize dry extracts of red propolis (DERP) through chemical testing, microbiological and technological establishing quality specifications. The propolis obtained from Marechal Deodoro was subjected to the extraction process to obtain crude extract, and then incorporated into dispersed systems for obtaining dry extracts. Two main techniques, spray-drying (SD) and freeze-drying (FD), were used in drying and getting those dry extracts in solid and controlled release. The DERPs obtained by spray-drying technical presents problems during the drying process, resulting in high levels of flavonoids which did not happen with most DERP freeze-drying. Rheological studies have shown that DERP A-SD, DERP C-SD, DERP C-FD, DERP D-FD can be used in solid dosage forms, while others due to the poor fluidity can be applied to dosage forms/food dispersed. Dissolution studies of DERP A-SD e DERP B-SD showed a model of modified release following a curvilinear profile, with maximum 28% release within 12 hours of the test. Regarding the markers of propolis were identified as flavonoids, isoflavones, flavans, flavonols and chalcones in propolis extracts using HPLC-UV in comparison to authentic standards and confirmation was also performed by mass spectrometry with high resolution. The flavonoids determination showed overall concentration of 21.76 mg/100 mg of flavonoids in the dye. The lyophilized extracts showed less variation in relation to the content of flavonoids in tincture (20.50 to 31.61 mg/100 mg), while the spray dried extracts showed greater variation in flavonoid content (29.99 to 40.79 mg/100mg). The MICs extracts were dried 135.87 to 271.74μg/ml for S. aureus and from 271.74 to 543.48 μg/mL Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 75% (6/8) of the formulations.