Papel da resiliência e do transtorno mental comum materno na desnutrição infantil: estudo caso - controle

Abstract

Child malnutrition is a multifactorial problem of diverse prevalence, it is considered a public health problem in developing countries. In Brazil, since 1970 the child malnutrition has shown a significant reduction until the present days, there are several factors as improving the country's economy that resulted in an increase in family income, expansion of social programs in the income transfer, better access of the population to health services and increased maternal education. In despite of significant reduction in the malnutrition (Z < -2; WHO-2006 standard) for weight-forheight (stunting). In Brazil there is also evidence of child malnutrition in poor areas of large cities, caused by factors such as poverty and social vulnerability, the presence of low-quality child care and common mental disorder in mothers, set before these adversities can find children without evidence of chronic malnutrition living in a vulnerable environment to malnutrition , being necessary to investigate why these children had a good nutritional health. Than with hypothesis that resilience would be associated with maternal mental health and child nutritional status of children under five years, investigating this possible association. The present monograph, through a review of Chapter and a unique product, information about child malnutrition, resilience and maternal mental health associated with chronic malnutrition in childhood. Than in the chapter, resilience it is have present as the ability that the people, family or community needy to the confront the life’ adversities between psychosocial risk situations, overcoming unfavorable situations for success in life. We needy sought also report on the influence of resilience in mothers that stood adversity in their lives and they have a good progress of mental health, that might to influence the care in the relationship of the child, it had brought good entail in the child’s development with relationship common mental disorders in mothers with malnutrition in the childhood. The original article, has objective To Identify association of child nutritional status with resilience in mothers of children living in communities with high social vulnerability. It shows information about a case-control study of 96 pairs mother - eutrophic child without malnourished siblings and controls 48 pairs mother - child malnutrition. But in the order for to compare the degree of resilience of child’ mothers eutrophic and malnutrition it is observing hers association with maternal mental health. That valuations in the resilience of mothers by Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale questionnaire (CD-RISC-10), and common mental disorders in mothers by Self Report Questionnaire (SRQ-20) and socioeconomic variables. Statistical analysis was performed chi-square test to compare proportions; and the "t" test to compare the means between the groups in distribution independently. The variables with a p value <0.20 in the univariate analysis were selected to enter the multivariate logistic regression model (method backward wald). The dependent variable was child nutritional status. The variables that were statistically significant were those that had a significance level of 5% (p ≤ 0.05) and analyzes was performed using SPSS software version 18.0. The mothers in the study had a mean age of 28.27 years and the standard deviation was (± 6.25). The mean age for the children was 48.52 months (± 9.39). The prevalence of CMD in mothers of eutrophic group were (34.8%) and in the malnourished group were (56.5%), showing an association between nutritional status of children and maternal mental health with a value of (OR = 0,41; χ2 = 4.38 and p = 0.03). By analyzing the difference between the groups we identified that mothers of eutrophic group had fewer than two children ( 67.8 %) and less than 4 people living in the home ( 76.1 %) and had a higher income per capita (p = 0. 04) . However when performed multivariate logistic regression analysis, only variables common mental disorder in mother with (OR = 0.35; IC:95%, 0.17 to 0.75 ) and number of children with (OR = 3.04; CI:95%, 1.48 - 6.22 ) in the final model, being associated with the nutritional status of children, but the resilience of OR 1.01 mothers (CI: 95%, 1.48 - 6.22 ) was not associated. It is concluded that before the results the final results resilience in mothers was not associated with child nutritional status is only associated with the common mental disorder variables and the number of children. Given the results conclude that the maternal resilience was not associated with the nutritional status of their children, but maternal mental health was associated.