Relação entre os índices de seca e os volumes armazenados nos reservatórios do município de Independência - CE

Abstract

Throughout history drought has afflicted diverse civilizations, and due to its recurrence and severity within the brazilian northeast, has been widely discussed in the present day, mainly because it affects both ecosystems, as well as economic and social sectors. Considering the period of drought that is occurring in the State of Ceará and the possibility of dry periods in other regions of the country, regardless of the reasons that caused it, there is a need to monitor and manage more adequately periods of water scarcity. The objective of this work is to analyze the occurrence of droughts in the municipality of Independência - CE, seeking to relate the indexes based on precipitation and the volumes stored in the reservoirs of the municipality. The lack of water has always been a problem for the municipality, although there are several reservoirs, such as: Cupim, Jaburu II and Barra Velha, which are monitored by COGERH (Management Company and Water Resources of the State of Ceará). The Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) method was used to evaluate the temporal variability of drought events, as well as their categories and was then compared with data of volumes stored in reservoirs, and verified a significant correlation between the variables studied. The best correlations were for events of longer duration, that is, values of SPI of scale of greater time showed to have greater relation with the volumes stored in the reservoirs.There was an increasing correlation behavior for both reservoirs, but when only the negative values, representing the periods that occur the droughts are observed, a decreasing trend is observed, considering that the possibility of this occurrence is related to the decrease in the uptake of water in the dry season.Therefore, SPI is a promising tool for drought monitoring in the municipality of Independência - CE, so that it can be used to assist in the management of extreme drought events, and may contribute to the management of water resources in the study site , subsidizing better planning of the use of the water stored in the dams of the municipality, contributing to the management of droughts, and enabling a better coexistence with the same.