Avaliação da vulnerabilidade ambiental em assentamento rural do estado de Alagoas

Abstract

For the implementation of rural settlements from land reform in Brazil it is necessary to adopt a series of measures to reduce environmental impacts, but not always it happens in practice. This paper analyzes the degree of environmental vulnerability that is subject to rural settlement area Sebastião Gomes situated between the municipalities of Flexeiras and São Luiz do Quitunde, from the point of view of environmental laws. For this, will be used like fuzzy logic modeling methodology for vulnerability mapping, using as indicators the geological features of the terrain, slope, soil types, rainfall intensity, the use and occupation of the soil and the areas of Permanent Protection and Legal Reserve. The results obtained in the application of fuzzy modeling by means of fuzzy gamma operator was a map of natural vulnerability and three environmental vulnerability maps for the 1996 scenarios, before the implementation of the settlement, in the year 2007 and 2017, deployment current scenario. It was possible to note that, in relation to natural vulnerability, the slope is the most influential factor in the result indicating vulnerability ranging from very low to medium. Already in relation to the environmental vulnerability of vegetation suppression of higher density weighed a lot on the results indicating that of 1996 until 2017 there has been a reduction of about 25% of the area with very low vulnerability, in the same proportion in which there was an increase in average vulnerability. The maps will serve as a subsidy for a discussion about the impacts caused by implantation of rural settlement. This proposal aims to contribute to the planning and management of areas of rural settlements in order to conserve natural resources.