Preparação e caracterização de materiais híbridos baseados em polianilina (PAni), biopolímero e nanocargas minerais

Abstract

The polyaniline (PAni) is a conjugated polymer that had attracted attention in the last years, due to its easy to prepare, good environmental stability and high conductivity. Their applications include the use in recharged batteries, sensors, semipermeable membranes, anticorrosive coatings and electronic devices. Besides these characteristics, PAni cannot be easily obtained as a thickness fi lms and also with good mechanical properties, because this, its practical use is limited. Then the modification on its structure with the aim of to optimize the processability and the thermal properties, maintaining the conductivity inherent of the polymer, is of fundamental importance. This work has the objective of improve the electrical properties and the thermal resistance of hybrid materials based on a conjugated polymer (PAni), a biopolymer with filmogenic property (chitosan) and a clay (Nanomer I-24). The preparation of these hybrid materials was performed by in situ chemical polymerization in presence of p-toluene sulphonic acid as dopant. The samples obtained were characterizaed by Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC), to evaluate the thermal properties of the samples, confirming that this way of preparation permits that the temperature of processing be optimized to these hybrid materials. The Infrared (FTIR - Fourier transform infrared) and Raman spectroscopy were used to assign t he kind of interaction between the polymers, suggesting that a copolymerization between PAni and chitosan occurred. Conductivity and spectroelectrochemical measurements of the samples showed that the hybrid materials maintained their electrical and electrochromic properties.