O reganho de peso em um programa de cirurgia bariátrica

Abstract

The medical speech highlights that obesity is a chronic disease which requires treatment. In cases of severe or morbid obesity that did not obtain results with clinical treatments, bariatric surgery is indicated. In recent years we`ve been observing an increasing in the number of bariatric surgeries, carried out with the justification that this procedure promotes an effective result to the morbid obesity treatment. However, in bariatric surgery programs there have been cases in which the operated patient shows regain of weight in postoperative period. In this context, the present work planned to investigate the regain of weight in a bariatric surgery program in the Northeast of Brazil, verifying what it shows about obesity. The aim was to investigate the aspects which interfere in the results of the postoperative, from complaints related to the gain of weight. It was carried out a case study of the bariatric surgery program in the Hospital Universitário Professor Alberto Antunes (Professor Alberto Antunes University Hospital), based on data of the patients promptuaries who had been operated in this period, identifying the register of the complaints relating to the regain of weight in postoperative period. During the period of three months of data collection, it was possible to have access to 276 promptuaries of which we could obtain the following information about the patients operated in this program: age, gender, origin, time of surgery, the attending to the medical check up and the regain of weight. These data were presented through graphs which showed that happened an increasing number of women operated. The age of the patients operated varied between 18 and 60 years, having a higher concentration of operated people in the age range of of 28 and 37 years, beeing the most part of the patients from the capital of the State, underlining that not all of them were attending to the medical check ups of the Program. About the regain of weight, the analysis of the promptuaries showed its occurrance in the Program and the registration of the complaints related to this increasing of weight during the postoperative. From the method of the case study they were created the following unities of analysis, which served as a device of discussion: Bariatric surgery: between the universality and the particularity; the complaints and the regain of weight; what the complaints indicate about the obesity and the regain of weight; and the regain of weight to the demand of knowing. The definition and appointment of these unities of analysis were based in the case study of the Program and in the theoretical discussions that happened during the research. After the discussion about the results, it was concluded that different factors contribute to the regain of weight, among them, that a surgical intervention doesn´t guarantee a change in the relation that the patient establishes with food and obesity and that the obesity can perform an important role in the lives of some people.