Avaliação antimicrobiana e cicatrizante de extratos da Jatropha Gossypiifolia L.: estudo In vitro

Abstract

Plants have been utilized for treatment of diseases throughout human existence and, culturally have been the bases for treatment of several diseases, both in traditional way, due to knowledge of the certain plant properties, passed from generation to generation, as well as by the Its use as a source of bioactive compounds, derived from scientific research. The present study aimed to investigate cytotoxicity, antimicrobial and wound healing potential of leaves, twigs and steam extracts of Jatropha gossypiifolia L. Leaves, twigs and stems were separated and dried at room temperature and the extracts were obtained by maceration in ethanol, concentrated on a rotary evaporator and dried in a vacuum desiccators. These extracts were submitted to fractionation to obtain hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanolic fractions. Phytochemical screening were performed; the citotoxicity were analyzed by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) tetrazolium reduction assay; Antimicrobial activity by Broth Microdilution Method; Evaluation of in vitro healing potential by the Scratch Assay method, with 3T3 fibroblasts. Phytochemical screening identified the presence of tannins, steroids, flavonoids, flavones, xanthones, coumarins and anthraquinones. The results indicated that the stem extract presented cell viability above 80% in all tested concentrations; the leaves presented moderated cytotoxicity while twig extract at the concentrations of 62.5, 125 and 250 μg/mL exhibited a severe cytotoxicity, hindering the continuation of the study with this part of the plant. Antimicrobial activity evaluation of leaves extract presented MIC of 500 μg/mL to S. aureus, S. epidermidis and P. aeruginosa. Already, twig ethanolic extract exposed a MIC of 1000, 500 and 250 μg/mL, concomitantly. And for stem ethanolic extract a MIC of 1000, 500 e 1000 μg/mL was observed, respectively. It was also observed that the extracts tested were not capable at any of tested concentrations, of promoting the inhibition of E. coli microorganism. The MIC performed with the fractions from leaves and stems ethanolic extracts did not present inhibitory activity for these bacteria. In vitro assay for healing evaluation was performed utilizing the Scratch assay, and evidenced that methanolic fraction of the leaves favoured cell migration in an average of 45% more than the control. Studies with this plant species should be continued for isolation of the active principle aiming the production of a wound healing.