Consumo de alimentos preditores e protetores de risco cardiovascular por hipertensos do Estado de Alagoas

Abstract

Systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) is an important public health problem in Brazil, affecting a large proportion of the Brazilian adult population and its control is closely related to adequate nutrition. From this perspective, it becomes important to know the food habits of the population. Among the possibilities of dietary assessment, we have the Score Method that allows a simple and differentiated analysis of the food standard, since it has the advantage of enabling statistical analyzes to evaluate the quality of the diet and thus make associations with the explanatory variables related to Eating habits, as well as characterize the food pattern from food groups of interest to the research. Based on this, the objective of this study was to evaluate food consumption through the scores method. Thus, it presents two articles: a systematic review of the literature, the studies that used the method of scores to evaluate food consumption presenting a discussion about the method from the perspective of evaluation of the food standard of the population, and an article referring to a cross-sectional study Of population base carried out in the period from 2013 to 2016, with 655 adults from the State of Alagoas, with SAH, of both sexes. In this study, food intake was analyzed using a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) for hypertensive and diabetic patients from Maceió, Alagoas. The FFQ was evaluated using the scores method adapted according to the food guide for the Brazilian population in the definition of protective food groups and predictors of cardiovascular risk. Through this research, it was possible to observe that the consumption of ultraprocessed food products/greater predictors of cardiovascular risk by hypertensive individuals was higher in sedentary individuals. There was a positive correlation between the consumption score of the processed food products group with high cholesterol levels and negative correlation with age. The consumption of the ultraprocessed group had a positive correlation with the sedentary lifestyle. The in natura/minimally processed food group was more consumed by hypertensive individuals. It is noteworthy that a significant portion of the study population presented several risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. It was concluded that the correlation between the consumption of processed/ultraprocessed food products with sedentary lifestyle, age and high serum cholesterol levels.