Venopunção periférica em recém-nascidos prematuros: desafios para o cuidado de enfermagem e a segurança do paciente

Abstract

The peripheral venipuncture in premature newborns (RNPT) and the challenges for nursing care and patient safety are the subject of this study, which has as its guiding questions: How the practice of nursing care with peripheral venipuncture in preterm infants? What are the challenges experienced in nursing care considering patient safety and promoting comfort and minimizing pain? Aimed to comprehend the practice of nursing care with peripheral venipuncture form on RNPT and its challenges to promote comfort and minimize pain with a view to patient safety. Specifically: 1) To describe the profile of respondents;" 2) characterize the peripheral venipuncture procedure in preterm infants, while care practice performed by the nursing team; 3) identify the knowledge of professionals about this care practice; 4) relate aimed at professional attention to manifestations of preterm infants before, during and after the procedure with a view to patient safety; 5) verify the measures to promote comfort and minimize pain in relation to peripheral venipuncture in preterm infants. Descriptive and qualitative study, developed in the neonatal unit of the Universitary Hospital Professor Alberto Antunes (HUPAA / UFAL), Maceió/AL, between April and September 2014, after approval by the Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Alagoas, in the opinion under No. 608,622. The population was made up of 42 professionals of the nursing staff of this unit being applied semi-structured interview, plus a daily non-participant observation. The recorded data were transcribed and validated by each professional. There was use of the Content Analysis, proposed by Laurence Bardin, resulting in the following categorization: 1) Professional Practice in Neonatology and care peripheral venipuncture; 2) humanizing aspects and promotion of comfort by the team in RNPT. The results showed: the sensitivity of professionals, nursing care in trans peripheral venipuncture period; appreciation of humanization of such care; scientific knowledge associated with professional practice; leveling the knowledge reported in the same professional category; applicability of non-pharmacological techniques for pain relief; attention to manifestations of assisted RN; interest and appreciation of the professional development; consistency between reported and care the product of observation made. The study revealed the sensitivity of the participants in order to promote comfort and ease the pain of RNPT subjected to a peripheral venipuncture. Regardless of the busy and institutional link position, characterized individualized and humanized care by interest whether transpose the difficulties encountered, whether related to RN or provided by the dynamics of service. It identified the expansion of nursing practice dimension, bringing the academic and healthcare faces, resulting in identification of interest for the provision of nursing care quality coated, not limited to the activities of compliance.