A importância da economia da saúde para a gestão do SUS: uma análise da eficiência técnica dos serviços básicos de saúde nos municípios alagoanos sob a ótica da análise envoltória de dados

Abstract

Improve process efficiency, increase productivity levels and perform benchmarking is nowadays crucial for health systems in the world. In this context, a central question is: how to perform diagnostics to aid decision-making of municipal managers in a complex environment like healthcare in the quest for efficiency in service delivery? This question can be backed up through the development of techniques to assess efficiency. The Data Envelopment Analysis - DEA is a matter of great importance for the current context we are experiencing, it helps in decision making aimed at achieving technical efficiency on through the achievement of the objectives proposed in its diagnosis. It has the objective of this work was to analyze the provision of basic health services to the population residing in the districts Alagoas, and identify their score-use efficiency of physical and human resources in the outpatient services in the Unified Health System (SUS), second the divisions established by the Master Plan Regionalization - PDR. The study was based on information contained in public databases DATASUS about the number of health professionals (doctors, nurses, technicians and assistants) working in the municipal basic health units, as well as the physical structure existing in municipalities. Therefore, by SIAD tool v3.0, used in this work, you can analyze what are the best combinations of inputs and outputs, i.e, the optimal quantity of professionals that each must have UBS (inputs), given its outpatient services (outputs), to ensure greater efficiency of the health system analysis. We applied quantitative methods that allow inference about the allocation of resources and conditions for access to the population of the municipalities of the State of Alagoas. The heterogeneity of economic, social and demographic changes in the various regions of the state, reflected in the search condition and use of health services of the population dependent on SUS. Among the 102 municipalities, it is noted that fewer than half are technically efficient. The results show Alagoas with greater technical efficiency in the coastal region. The most populous counties showed to be more efficient. There is need for a better allocation of human and physical resources among the municipalities in the state for effective capillarity in the provision of basic health care.