Adversidades na assistência de enfermagem ao paciente com COVID-19 na UTI: revisão integrativa

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: the Covid-19 pandemic has affected the lives of the world's population. The nursing team is a frontline protagonist and has been facing problems that arose or were aggravated by the pandemic. This research has as its object of study the adversities in nursing care for patients with COVID-19 in the ICU.The study's guiding question is what were the adversities found in nursing care for patients with COVID-19 in the ICU evidenced in scientific research available in the literature? OBJECTIVE: analyzing the scientific evidence available in the literature about the adversities found in nursing care for patients with COVID-19 in the ICU. METHODS: this is an integrative review research in the databases: Scopus; Embase, ScienceDirect, Lilacs, Nursing Database - BDENF, PubMed Central, Online MEDLINE, Web of Science and Cinahl. Included were primary studies, in Portuguese, English or Spanish that were published from January 2020 to April 2021. The following combinations of descriptors were used: "nursing care" AND "pandemics"; "nursing care" AND "intensive care units”; “nursing care” AND “coronavirus infections”; “pandemics” AND “intensive care units”; “pandemics” AND “coronavirus infections”; “intensive care units” AND “coronavirus infections”. RESULTS: 67 articles were pre-selected that met the eligibility criteria and the total corpus, 5 researches were included in the review. Several adversities were identified in the literature, such as: shortage of qualified and specialized labor, lack of PPE, abusive workloads, stress and fear, poor communication with the patient, physical and emotional exhaustion. CONCLUSION: with knowledge of the adversities in nursing care for patients with COVID-19 in the ICU, it is possible to improve the working conditions of nursing, and thus provide unique and comprehensive care. Therefore, it is important to highlight and discuss strategies that favor the reduction of adversities experienced by nursing professionals in order to improve nursing care for patients with Covid-19 in the ICU.