Configuração urbana e microclimas: estudo em loteamento horizontal de Maceió - Alagoas

Abstract

The interaction between climate and urban configuration can significantily affects the environmental comfort conditions, determining the urban microclimate. The research evaluates the microclimatic quality of a fraction of a horizontal residential settlement allotment, in the urban context of Maceió-AL, through the analysis of climatic variables, considering the attributes of existing urban configuration (present scenario), but also a future situation considering maximum occupancy (future scenario), in accordance to the local urban planning requirements. The methodological procedures were based on a qualitative perspective in the form of features diagnostic of the urban area, analysis of the solar exposure built arrangement, and quantitatively by mobile microclimatic measuring, and computer simulations of the thermal performance and dynamic, using the software ENVI-met 3.1 version. The area analysis confirmed the existence of different microclimates, according to land use, building orientation and thermal characteristics. The results of computer simulations have shown a difference of up to 6,6°C in air temperature and up to 0,44 m/s in reducing of average wind speed between the two scenarios analyzed, confirming the influence of some urban form attributes in microclimatic behavior, as the: density built, the thermodynamic characterized by lack of urban greening. From the results, highlights the importance of climate approach as a tool for urban planning, and how this can guide urban design decisions in order to minimize uncomfortable climatic situations in urban spaces.