Cadastro, mapeamento e enfrentamento dos vazios urbanos: SIG como ferramenta de implementação do PEUC e seus sucedâneos em Maceió, Alagoas

Abstract

Brazilian cities are characterized by their sprawl interspersed with urban voids, as well as the deprivation of a large portion of the population from the basic conditions of urbanity and the right to the city. The voids are characterized by the idleness of the properties, when these do not fulfill the social function of the city and the property. These are not only products of the urbanization process, but become a cause of urban problems, especially the rising cost of cities urbanization. Thus, Compulsory Subdivision, Building or Utilization of Land (CSBU) and its substitutes are essential urban planning instruments whose purpose is to enforce the social function of urban property, subjecting it to the collective interest, thus meeting the general guideline of the national urban policy for land use planning and control, in order to

avoid the speculative retention of urban property that results in its underutilization or non- use. However, there are few experiences of its application and lack of academic studies

dedicated to the subject, especially the techniques and technologies for its application. Taking this into account, the present research made it possible to highlight the use of Geoprocessing, through the Geographic Information System (GIS) allied to the Multifinality Territorial Cadastre (MTC), as essential in supporting the planning and management of the implementation of such instruments. As for planning, spatial analyzes were performed on infrastructure, income, services and centralities in the city of Maceió, which were able to identify neighborhoods that may be affected by the instruments; and later the cadastre and mapping of the urban voids of Jatiúca, selected neighborhood, at different times. Regarding management, it was possible to highlight the use of GIS in the field work and the possibility of monitoring the application through the storage of information in the geographic database. Finally, it was possible to identify in the district of Jatiúca a significant amount of urban voids, highlighting large territorial extensios that do not have na effective use, evidencing the importance of applying instruments that subject private properties to the social function of the property, with a view to collectivity, in the well-consolidated regions of the city of Maceió.