Fatores nutricionais associados à hipertrigliceridemia em hipertensos do município de Maceió, Alagoas

Abstract

The Triglycerides (TG) constitute the bulk of ingested fats, formed from three fatty acids bound to a glycerol molecule and are the main form of energy storage of the human organism. The increase of serum TG above 150 mg/dL is characterized by Hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) and is a risk factor (FR) for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Moreover, it can be a type of Dyslipidemia related to excessive consumption of saturated fats (at the expense of the mono fats and polinsaturadas), of simple carbohydrates and alcohol. Other FR linked to HTG are overweight, abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus, hypertension and cholesterol levels HDL (high-density lipoproteins) < 40 mg/dL. Elevated serum TG levels are associated with increased CVD, in addition to systemic arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, low HDL and low LDL. TG also contributes to increased atherosclerosis. Therefore, it is essential to study the association between the various dietary and nutritional components related to dyslipidemias especially hypertriglyceridemia is important to understand the mechanism of these and to be able to outline better strategies of how to improve the prognosis of individuals affected by hypertriglyceridemia. In order to contribute to the discussion of the problem, this dissertation presents: 1) A chapter review shows the TG metabolism (their metabolic pathways and how does your synthesis), dietary components associated with the HTG (monounsaturated fats, poly-unsaturated, saturated and trans) and nutritional components associated with the HTG (alcohol, overweight, abdominal obesity and physical inactivity). 2) A cross-sectional outcome study was performed with 200 hypertensive patients from the city of Maceió Alagoas, where anthropometric evaluation (body mass index and waist circumference), physical activity level, alcohol consumption and dietary intake (saturated fat, unsaturated, monounsaturated, simple carbohydrate and fibers). This article only found na association between hypertriglyceridemia and overweight and between that and consumption of w-6/w-3 and found that both groups, with and without hypertriglyceridemia were equally sedentary, with abdominal obesity and had na inadequate intake of simple carbohydrates of fats in total fractions of mono, poly and saturated.