Série temporal do consumo de refrigerante/suco artificial entre os adultos no Brasil: 2007 a 2014

Abstract

Sugary beverages consist of liquids with added caloric sweeteners (sucrose or fructose corn syrup), as well as food additives, flavorings and artificial colorants represented by juice or fruit juice, nectar, soda , soda, ready-to-drink tea, fruit drinks made from fruit juice and energy drinks. The increased intake of these beverages has been linked to the epidemic of obesity and other chronic noncommunicable diseases. Studies conducted in several countries evidenced an increase in the consumption of such beverages and their impact on health, generating concern in the field of public health. In this context, a trend study on the subject in Brazil becomes important to investigate the consumption pattern of such beverages (soft drinks / artificial juice), since recognition of the problem is fundamental for the development of public policies / actions aimed at your control. In view of the above, a literature review chapter and an original article were prepared. The review chapter discusses the history of the emergence of sugary drinks in Brazil and the world, epidemiology with emphasis on national and international data, the factors associated with consumption, as well as the consequences caused by the ingestion of these beverages. The original article had the objective of analyzing the temporal trend of the consumption of artificial refrigerant / juice. This is a cross-sectional study with Brazilian adults aged 18 years or over, using data from the Surveillance of Risk Factors and Protection for Chronic Diseases by Telephone Inquiry between 2007-2014. The time trend of the annual consumption was evaluated by means of Linear Regression. Analyzes of the prevalence and factors associated with the consumption of artificial soda / juice at 5 or more times during the week included aspects sociodemographic and behavioral, these were investigated through Poisson regression, and the prevalence ratios and their respective confidence intervals (C95%) were calculated. Additionally, in the quantitative aspect of ingestion, the average intensity of the weekly consumption of such beverages was calculated. There was a decline (32.7%) in the consumption of soft drinks / artificial juice among adults in the analyzed period. The factors associated with the outcome were significantly higher in males aged 18-29 years, living in the center-west, southeast and south regions, with lower educational level, who worked and watched TV more than 3 h / day. The final explanatory model indicated that being male, being between the ages of 18 and 59 years old, being a resident of the developed regions of the country, working at the time of the research, and watching TV for 3 hours or more per day remained factors associated with excessive consumption of sugary drinks. Regarding the intensity of consumption, this has proved to be high, around a glass / can a day are consumed by the population. These results reinforce the need for the implementation of public policies aimed at controlling / reducing the consumption of sugary drinks in Brazil.