Semelhanças e diferenças entre os principais sólidos geométricos

Abstract

Having in mind the difficulties presented by a vast amount of students in visualizing the elements of geometric solids and consequently the comprehension since mathematical content and also teachers’ difficulties in make available that visualization and conclude this content just in time, efficiently and in a satisfactory way to comply with the high school program and, searching to attend well the teaching-learning binomial, this work proposes an alternative at knowledge construction about geometric solids, approaching them: prisms, cylinders, cone and sphere, together to give students comparative parameters. For this purpose, a table is useful, which fulfilling will make, firstly, teacher and/or student use material resources and/or computational tools to construct each solid, in possession of these constructions, in a second moment, they are able to visualize better the elements of the solids, and in a third moment, they can develop for each solid, formulas that provide diagonals, areas for the bases, side areas, full areas and, finally, volumes. As we know, it is necessary previous knowledge in these formulas development, so we offer, with this purpose, the opportunity of review contents, as: Pythagorean theorem, flat surfaces areas, similar triangles, among others. In addition to that, approaches new matters such as: Cavalieri’s principle, variations from Pappus theorem and even it presents a notion of limits.